Big data analytics is gaining ground in policy-making because of the use of algorithms as predictive tools for risk analysis or crime prevention. This gives rise to the concept of predictive policing, which involves predicting the time and place of future criminal activity through data analytics. This may also include identifying “individuals who are at a risk of committing a crime in the near future” or creating “profiles that accurately match likely offenders based on data from past crimes”[1]. One of the major functional areas that have stimulated the civil development of AI is voice and speech recognition, as a subfield of AI that blends acoustics, natural language processing, and linguistics, in order to recognize the speaker and/or the meaning associated with a spoken input[2].

When it comes to human rights and democracy, the AI implications pose pressing challenges[3]. In that case, AI is not confined to logical or technological questions, but it shall interact with the society and here ethical dilemmas arise. For combating crime through the application of AI, research is yet in an experimental phase, though for crime prevention, predictive analytics systems are implemented in the market, used to make predictions of the likelihood of an event to take place. There are though a few limitations, beginning from data collection, processing, and storage, the type of data used to train the algorithms, how the algorithm is initially constructed, leading to the significant risk of error in the prediction. Predictive systems, while capable of being beneficial with the correct data, present a risk should they be provided with poor data or attacked in a manner that compromises their decision-making[4].

MARVEL’s success relies on data capture and processing at the application of AI technology in the cloud system and the matter of ethics and regulation.